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DRUGS USED
IN SUBCUTANEOUS THERAPIES

Treprostinil

Treprostinil (Remodulin - Treprostinil) is a Prostacyclin analogue, like Epoprostenol, but compared to the latter it has both greater chemical stability, which allows it to be kept at room temperature already dissolved in a solution (it remains stable up to five years), and a longer half-life (about 4 hours), which guarantees the possibility of subcutaneous administration, considered less risky and more manageable than intravenous.

Treprostinil dilates the blood vessels of the lungs, delays the process of cell proliferation and progressive damage to the vessel wall.

Its action increases the oxygen saturation of the blood, increases exercise tolerance, improves heart function, prolongs survival and improves the quality of life of those who take it.

Treprostinil is administered subcutaneously (i.e. under the skin).
It is delivered by way of a small micro infusion pump.
The drug inside the syringe should be replaced every 3 days.

Treprostinil does not require special mixing or preparations, the liquid is sold in ready-to-use glass vials.

Iloprost

It is a stable Prostacyclin analogue with a half-life of approximately 50 minutes.

This substance, as in the case of Treprostinil, dilates blood vessels and helps to slow disease progression by preventing vasoconstriction and obstruction of the vessels, increases oxygen saturation and cardiac output, and improves tolerance to physical exercise.

Apomorfina

Apomorphine is an active ingredient capable of exerting a powerful dopaminergic action.

Thanks to this particular action, apomorphine is used in the pharmacological treatment of Parkinson's disease, to counteract movement disorders, when traditional therapies (with levodopa) are not effective or sufficient.

Apomorphine is currently only available in medicines to be administered parenterally (infusion or subcutaneous injection) with indications for the treatment of severe movement difficulties caused by Parkinson's disease.

Deferoxamina

Deferoxamine is an active ingredient belonging to the class of drugs known as iron-chelating agents.

The active ingredient, in fact, is used to remove excess iron and aluminium from the body.  

The accumulation of iron can result from transfusions (transfusional hemosiderosis), particularly in the following diseases: thalassaemia major, congenital anaemia, sideroblastic anaemia, haemolytic anaemia.

Immunoglobulins

Intravenous (IVIG) and subcutaneous (SCIG) immunoglobulins are used in the treatment of a number of clinical conditions.

Prepared from plasma collected from several thousand donors, the immunoglobulins produced for therapeutic use mainly consist of polyvalent IgG.

IgG replacement therapy is the standard therapy for primary antibody deficiencies and aims to replace the missing antibodies and thus prevent the occurrence of infections.

Replacement therapy generally involves the administration of immunoglobulins at a dosage of 400-600 mg/kg every 3-4 weeks.

Immunoglobulins, as an immunomodulatory therapy, are used in the treatment of various clinical conditions, from the treatment of autoimmune and haematological diseases to the treatment of various neuroimmunological disorders.

Immunomodulatory therapy generally involves receiving an immunoglobulin dose of 2g/kg per month, which is administered by dividing the dose into 1-5 consecutive days.